Understanding Headache Pain

Headache pain can start in different structures in the head. The brain itself doesn't hurt, but other parts of the head do. Headache is a common symptom of illness, such as a cold or the flu. At other times, headaches happen without seeming to be connected to any illness. These are known as primary headaches. Examples of primary headaches include migraine and tension headaches.

Contact your healthcare provider or go to the emergency room if your headache is linked to other problems such as slurred speech, vomiting, numbness, or weakness. Go to the ER if you have the worst headache you have ever had or a severe headache that starts suddenly.

Some causes of headache are:

• Blood vessels that become enlarged (dilated) or constricted

• Muscles in the neck and head that become tight or tense

• Muscles around the eyes that become strained because of overwork or poor vision correction

• Sinuses that become swollen because of allergies, colds, or infections

• Teeth that are decayed or damaged

• Nerves that transmit abnormal pain signals

• Joints in the jaw and neck that are overused or become damaged

What is referred pain?

Referred pain has its source in one place, but is felt in another. For example, pain behind the eyes may actually be caused by tense muscles in the neck and shoulders. This means that the place that hurts may not be the part of the head that needs treatment.